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When Spanish colonizers arrived to Cuba, there were about 800 thousand to 100 thousand native inhabitants in the island. 
They were tainos, ciboneyes and guanahatabeyes, called by Spanish Indians since at their arrival to the island Spanish thought they had arrived to India. In less than 40 years, as a result of the hard work natives were forced to and the many diseases, this population was reduced to 4000 people and in a few years native population of Cuba was wiped out by Spanish colonizers. Then Africans were brought to the island to work the land as slaves. Only in 1730, Cuba population got over and reached the population of the island at the arrival of Spanish conquerors, 100 thousand inhabitants. In 1840, about 436 thousand people, more than half of the population of Cuba at that time, were slaves. It was only from 1841 to 1861 that, as a result of Spanish immigration to the island, white population increased.
From 1895 to1898, because of the appalling hygienic and sanitary conditions people lived in during the concentration on rural population, more than 300 thousand people died.
At the beginning of the XX century there was an immigration boom to the island. 57% of those immigrants came from Spain and 25% from other neighbor islands in the West Indies, especially Haiti and Jamaica. A great number of people from Asia, mainly China and Japan, also settled in Cuba at that time. Americans also migrated to Cuba then, mainly to Isla de Pinos and Guantanamo and during the two World Wars (1914 – 1919) (1939 – 1945) many Polish, Italian, French, Spanish and German Jewish also decided to make Cuba their home. From 1 500 000 inhabitants at the beginning of the XX century, by 1925 Cuba’s population had already reached 3 000 000. Since 1959, many Cubans have migrated to other parts of the world, especially United States looking for an economic improvement. Today there are Cubans all over the world.
Cuba population in the island is mainly concentrated in Havana City, the capital of the country (about 2,198,000), Santiago de Cuba (about 1,023,000), and Holguin (about 1,021,000.)
At present, most of Cuba’s white population are Spanish descendants (about 60% of the whole population of the country.) The black population of the country is about 15%. A large percentage of Cuba population is the result of a mix of people from different origins.
Who are these Cubans?
I don’t like generalizations, people are different, but I have the feeling that Cubans are not only good dancers and party lovers; they are very hardworking people who have learned to laugh at their problems and overcome difficulties with a smile in their face. They are friendly, helpful and cheerful. They know how to have a good time without much. They welcome foreigners who visit Cuba and like to make them feel at home. They are also very smart people. Take some time to think over. Cuba is the hometown of some of the world's most talented people in different fields. Actors great musicians, composers, painters, sculptors, writers, sportsmen, , film directors, dancers, politicians, religious, and army men, scientists and many other personalities of worldwide reputation have sung the praises of Cuba population all over the world.